The chemical characteristics of Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)

1. Chemical Structure and Formula

Molecular formula: (CH₃)₂SO₂

Molecular weight: 94.13 g/mol

The molecule consists of two methyl groups (-CH₃) attached to a central sulfonyl group (-SO₂-), where the sulfur atom is in the +6 oxidation state. This structure gives MSM high stability and polarity.

2. Physical Properties

Appearance: White, odorless, crystalline powder with a slightly bitter taste.

Solubility: Highly soluble in polar solvents such as water, ethanol, and methanol; insoluble in non-polar solvents like ether and benzene.

Melting point: Approximately 109–111°C.

Stability: Chemically stable under normal temperature and pressure, not easily decomposed by light or heat.

3. Chemical Properties

Neutrality: MSM is a neutral compound, neither strongly acidic nor basic, and does not react violently with most common substances.

Low reactivity: Due to the stable sulfonyl group structure, MSM exhibits low chemical reactivity. It does not undergo strong oxidation or reduction reactions under typical conditions.

Biocompatibility: Its organic sulfur structure allows it to interact with biological systems (e.g., participating in sulfur metabolism in organisms) without causing severe toxic effects at appropriate concentrations.

These properties make MSM suitable for various applications, including as a dietary supplement and ingredient in cosmetics, due to its stability, solubility, and mild chemical behavior.